Innate Immune Recognition of Viruses and Viral Vectors

Recognition of Viruses by the Innate Immune System

The innate immune response induced by adenovirus, adenoviral vectors and other viruses

INTRODUCTION The structure of adenovirus Application of adenovirus Advantages and limitations of adenovirus for gene therapy and vaccination Disadvantages of adenovirus for gene therapy and vaccination Cell entry of adenovirus INNATE IMMUNITY INDUCED BY VIRUESE Pathogen recognition by TLRs on the cell surface Pathogen recognition by TLRs in the endosome Pathogen recognition by TLRs in the cytop...

Innate immune recognition.

The innate immune system is a universal and ancient form of host defense against infection. Innate immune recognition relies on a limited number of germline-encoded receptors. These receptors evolved to recognize conserved products of microbial metabolism produced by microbial pathogens, but not by the host. Recognition of these molecular structures allows the immune system to distinguish infec...

Innate immune evasion strategies of influenza viruses.

Influenza viruses are globally important human respiratory pathogens. These viruses cause seasonal epidemics and occasional worldwide pandemics, both of which can vary significantly in disease severity. The virulence of a particular influenza virus strain is partly determined by its success in circumventing the host immune response. This article briefly reviews the innate mechanisms that host c...

Innate Immune Responses to AAV Vectors

Gene replacement therapy by in vivo delivery of adeno-associated virus (AAV) is attractive as a potential treatment for a variety of genetic disorders. However, while AAV has been used successfully in many models, other experiments in clinical trials and in animal models have been hampered by undesired responses from the immune system. Recent studies of AAV immunology have focused on the elimin...